Periodontitis occurs when an inflammation or infection of the gums (gingivitis) occurs and is not treated. Periodontics is the part of dentistry that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases that affect the gums (tissue that holds the tooth).

Risk factors

• Smoking. It is one of the most common causes associated with the development of gum disease. In addition, if you have gum disease and continue to smoke, you may reduce your chances of successfully completing your treatment.
• Hormonal changes in girls and women. These changes can make the gums more sensitive and make it easier for gingivitis to develop.
• Diabetes. People with diabetes are at greater risk for developing infections, including gum disease.
• Other diseases. Diseases such as cancer or AIDS and their treatments can also affect the health of the gums.
• Medicines. There are many prescription and over-the-counter medications that can reduce the flow of saliva. They act as protection, leaving our system vulnerable to infections such as gum disease.
• Genetic susceptibility. Some people are more prone than others to severe periodontal disease.

How do I know if I have periodontitis?

Symptoms of gum disease include:

• Bad breath that does not go away.
• Red or swollen gums.
• Sensitive or bleeding gums.
• Painful chewing.
• Loose teeth.
• Sensitive teeth.
• Retracted gums or longer visible part of the teeth.

How is gum disease treated?

The main goal of periodontal disease treatment is to control the infection. The number and types of treatments will vary depending on the extent of the gum disease. That is why it is important that at the slightest sign of periodontitis you go to your dental clinic and get a diagnosis to be sure. It is very important, that if you suffer from this disease, you maintain good daily care at home.